T3, T4, TSH, Anti-TPO, and Anti-TG Autoantibodies Distribution in Autoimmune Thyroid Patients with Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

Abstract

Autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITDs) include a variety of inflammatory conditions affecting the thyroid gland, with Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) being the most commonly seen types.   Autoimmune thyroid illnesses often include the existence of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR).  We specifically targeted recently diagnosed adult patients with Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and those with normal thyroid function as controls.   The study looked at and compared different groups' levels of anti-TG antibodies, anti-TPO antibodies, and anti-chlamydia antibodies in the blood, as well as several clinical and biochemical markers, such as thyroid function tests. We analyzed data from a cohort of 60 patients diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 60 patients diagnosed with Graves' disease (GD), and 60 healthy individuals serving as controls.   The study found a strong link between having anti-TPO Abs and having Hashimoto's hypothyroidism (63.3%) and Graves' hyperthyroidism (86.7%). In the groups without anti-TPO Abs, Hashimoto's hypothyroidism was found in 36.7% of people and Graves' hyperthyroidism was found in 13.3% (P<0.03). Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO Abs) are found in 86.7% of people with Graves' disease, which is more than the 63.3% of people with Hashimoto's disease who have these antibodies. There is no significant link between the percentage of people who have anti-TG antibodies and either Hashimoto's hypothyroidism (96.7%) or Graves hyperthyroidism (90%), according to the study. The significance level was set at P = 0.143. This is in comparison to the percentage of negativity in Hashimoto's hypothyroidism (3.3%) and Graves's hyperthyroidism (10.0%). The study showed how the groups were spread out based on the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies.  Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies were much more common in people with Hashimoto's hypothyroidism (42) and Graves hyperthyroidism (26) than in the control group (0) (P<0.01).