The Influence of Tilapia on the Growth and Development of Stunted Toddlers

Abstract

Stunting, stemming from chronic malnutrition in young children, presents a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, impairing physical, mental, cognitive, and intellectual growth. Protein deficiency notably contributes to this condition. Tilapia, a readily available and cost-effective animal protein source, contains essential complete proteins. This study investigates how tilapia consumption impacts stunted toddlers' growth and development. Employing systematic review methods following PRISMA guidelines, searches on Scopus and Google Scholar using specific keywords yielded 17 relevant articles from the last decade. Findings suggest that supplementing food and fortifying diets positively affect stunted toddlers' height and weight, while nutrition education enhances maternal knowledge and practices. Combined interventions are more effective than singular ones. Tilapia's nutritional richness in protein, omega-3, vitamin B12, iron, phosphorus, and selenium supports stunted toddlers' growth and development, potentially preventing stunting and improving their nutritional status. Regular tilapia consumption fosters bone, muscle, and brain development, positively influencing weight, height, and overall health. Widening tilapia accessibility can aid in mitigating stunting and enhancing toddler nutrition. Incorporating tilapia into diets alongside proper education and stimulation represents a promising strategy against stunting in Indonesia. Strengthening promotion efforts and parental education regarding tilapia's benefits is crucial for combating stunting effectively.