Features of Quranic Text Decording as a Partly Dead Arabic Language

Abstract

Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to systematize the meanings of words and cases of modification of grammatical categories of names and verbs based on the decipherment of the Koranic text. Materials and research methods. The sentences of the Koranic text were analyzed using a continuous sampling method within the framework of suras and verses. The research material is the text of the Koran. It should be noted that the earliest texts of the Qur'an in Arabic available in the world date back to 1400 years. The texts of letters with dots and vowels (haraka) date back 1200 years, they are fully consistent with the modern texts of the Qur'an distributed throughout the world in books and on the Internet (الكريم القرآن). The objects of the study were the meanings of words, changing the person of the verb, changing the tense or mood of the verb, changing the case of names, replacing one morphological structure with another, using a present tense verb in the imperative mood and vice versa, replacing an active participle with a passive participle and vice versa, modification of verb inflections. Based on scientific interest in the illogically composed ancient text, an attempt was made to systematize the meanings of words and cases of modification of grammatical categories throughout the text. Research results. It is noted that modern Arabic only partially corresponds to the language of the Quranic text of a thousand years ago. The reason for this is that the modern understanding of the meanings of many Quranic words is not systematized, that is, the same word in the text of the Quran can have several meanings, which are revealed not only from the context, but also from traditions about the messenger Muhammad (Hadis). It was revealed that in the works of researchers it is believed that the language of the text of the Quran is complex due to the fact that it was created on the basis of rhyme, incomprehensible logic of the text, or this text is encrypted. Because of this, it is generally accepted that the Quranic text is encrypted, the full decryption of which is known only to its author. The meanings of words and cases of modification of grammatical categories of names and verbs found in the text of the Koran are systematized. Conclusions. The text of the Koran is voluminous, which is why it is not possible to manipulate the meanings of words and inflections of the verbs of the text, since they are found in sentences with different meanings. It is concluded that contextual analysis is the most promising and optimal method for studying the text of the Koran, its translation, as well as systematization of linguistic phenomena, in particular, the meanings of words and modifications of grammatical categories.