Bridging the Gap: Applying Rawls’ Justice Principles in North Sumatra’s Public Policies

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the application of John Rawls’ principles of social justice, specifically the principle of equal basic liberties and the difference principle, in the governance policies of North Sumatra. The objective is to evaluate how these principles are reflected in the policies related to health, education, and infrastructure, and to identify areas needing improvement to achieve greater social justice. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, focusing on the evaluation of specific government programs in public health, education, and regional development. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with government officials, policymakers, and community representatives, as well as analysis of policy documents and statistical data from relevant agencies. The findings indicate significant disparities between urban and rural areas in terms of access to public services and basic facilities, challenging the principle of equal basic liberties. The distribution of resources and public services often favors urban areas, contrary to the difference principle which asserts that inequalities are justifiable only if they benefit the least advantaged. Despite efforts through specific programs, issues such as sustainable funding, resource distribution, and infrastructure maintenance remain significant challenges. The study highlights the need for comprehensive policy reforms to address these disparities. To achieve social justice in line with Rawls’ principles, the North Sumatra government must implement fairer and more sustainable policies. This includes increasing budget allocations for remote areas, improving the distribution of medical and educational personnel, and enhancing infrastructure maintenance strategies. By adopting a more inclusive and participatory approach and committing to reducing social inequalities, the overall quality of life and welfare of all citizens in North Sumatra can be significantly improved. Consistent application of Rawlsian principles can effectively guide the creation of a more just and equitable society.