Sound Correspondence in Buginese and Makassarese: A Comparative Linguistics

Abstract

This research is a comparative qualitative research because it compares two regional languages, namely Buginese and Makassarese. The regional languages of Buginese and Makassarese are regional languages which cover quite a wide area. These two regional languages grow and develop in South Sulawesi. In fact, in several areas outside of southern Sulawesi, such as Southeast Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Maluku, Papua, Jambi, the Buginese is also used in certain areas. The location of this research was only conducted in South Sulawesi. This research amis 1) to found the position of the corresponding phoneme in Buginese and Makassarese, 2) to describe the processes of sound adjustment in the corresponding vocabulary in Buginese and Makassarese, 3) to analyze the reasons for sound correspondences in the vocabulary of Bugis and Makassar languages. This research used interview and the observation method using recording techniques and note-taking techniques. The results of this research indicate that phonemes in Buginese and Makassarese can correspond due to sound laws that apply in these two languages. The rules of sound law in these two languages are 1) the phoneme /ɔ/ in Buginese changes to /a/ in Makassarese, 2) the phoneme /w/ in Buginese changes to /b/ in Makassarese, 3) the first consonant in the cluster consonants in Buginese change into phonemes with the same point of articulation, and 4) words consisting of three syllables with a CV-CV-CV pattern do not change if the vowel that follows them is not a vowel /ɔ/. The reasons for the correspondence between Buginese phonemes and Makassarese are because Makassarese do not recognize the vowel /ɔ/, consonants /w/ are not found in the initial position in Makassarese, and to make it easier for Makassarese speakers to pronounce vocabulary with clusters of consonants in Buginese.