Religion and Theology Facing the Challenges of Transhumanism

Abstract

Transhumanism has been interpreted in various ways. On one hand, it is considered a futuristic scientific expression with eschatological aspirations, suggesting that technoscience could overcome humanity's biological limitations. On the other hand, it is seen as a materialistic movement seeking to enhance human capabilities through technological advancements. Additionally, it has faced significant criticism for allegedly overlooking the ethical and social implications for humanity. This paper aims to analyze religion and theology in light of the challenges posed by transhumanism. The methodology employed is framed within the qualitative tradition, using the hermeneutic method and design to interpret texts in their context. The conclusion emphasizes the urgent need to reflect on the potential scenarios humanity faces in a transhuman society that challenges natural and divine laws. Interdisciplinary work is crucial to guide advances in technoscience, recognizing the contributions that religion and theology can offer to contemporary society.